Proper Root Flare for a Healthy Tree
Having a tree with proper root flare Is probably the best way to insure that
a
tree is healthy, strong, grows as fast as it should, and lives a long life.
What is root flare? The root flare is where the trunk of the tree starts
spreading, or flaring, out and enters the earth. The root flare is the part
of the tree where the aerial tissue makes the transition to to root tissue.
Aerial tissue is everything that is supposed to be above ground and not
buried. It is the bark of the trunk that continues to where tree should
enter the ground. Besides protecting the tree, its function is to bring
water and nutrients up from the roots. The aerial tissue of the trunk and
root
flare needs to be exposed to air and not covered by dirt. Dirt will prevent
it from being exposed to oxygen, will hold moisture to the bark, cause
rotting, cause encircling or girdling, roots and impair the transport of
water
and nutrients.
When you think of a picture of your ideal tree, imaginary or real, it likely
has this wide, spreading base as the trunk flares out. Too many trees that I
see around have no root flare. They look like a post stuck in the ground.
Every new tree planted at Mueller that I have seen is planted too deep with
the flare buried. Many older trees around this city have no flare because it
is buried. They were planted too deep and this flare is buried. The vast
majority of trees that are grown in a containers have their flares already
buried in the soil/root ball. So even if the top of root ball is planted at
soil level or above, the tree's flare is still too deep. Other trees have
their flare covered by mulch or by landscape projects that piles dirt around
a
tree to make a bed.
Trees that are in a container need to have the soil removed from the top of
the root ball until you see the flare exposed. There will likely be roots
growing up in the root ball and roots growing around the trunk above the
flare. These girdling roots and upward growing roots need to be trimmed
off. The tree should be planted with the flare an inch or two above the soil
line. The purpose of mulch is to retain moisture in the soil. It should
cover the roots but not be on the flare. Keep your mulch at least a few
inches from the root flare.
Trees that are already in the ground should have mulch removed from the
trunk. The mulch should be a few inches away from the trunk and flare, not
piled up and in direct contact. If there is no flare visible or only a
little it needs to be exposed. The flare should be dramatic and prominent if
it is the proper amount.
Ideally exposing the flare would be done by a professional but I could not
find one in Austin when I looked a couple years ago. Most unfortunately do
not even know what you are talking about. There are arborists in Dallas that
do this with a tool called an air spade that looks like a sandblaster but it
uses air and not sand. I ended up exposing the flare on my trees myself. I
used a hand trowel, a brush that came with my dust pan, a chop stick, and my
hands. My goal was to carefully expose the root flare without damaging any
of the aerial tissue that was buried. This tissue is often soft and weak due
to the moisture trapped by the dirt and mulch around it. I also cut any
encircling or girdling roots I came across. The amount of girdling roots may
be dramatic and causing a large amount of damage and indentation to the
trunk. When exposing the flare you could find it right below the soil or
over a foot down.
Are you saying, "How dare he look at my yard and insult my trees and my
mulching!" Yes, I walked by your yard and decided to write this article.
If you are planting a tree, have a tree that was recently planted but not
growing much or is diseased, an old tree that is thinning out on top, not
thriving, losing limbs, has powdery mildew or other problems, I am writing
about you so you will check out the tree and see that it most likely does not
have proper root flare. If it does not, exposing the root flare will be the
first step in recovery and to give your tree a long and healthy life. You
may also be saying, "If this is such a big deal how come I never heard about
this before?" I had not either until I learned most of this information from
the Dirt Doctor, Howard Garrett, who has a great website,
www.dirtdoctor.com. It makes so much sense and hopefully one day all trees
will be planted properly with roots exposed and the problem will be solved.
Pictures of root flares:
http://www.dirtdoctor.com/view_question.php?id=1609http://www.dirtdoctor.com/view_image.php?pic=89Pictures and management:
http://www.dirtdoctor.com/view_question.php?id=484Videos about root flare:
http://www.dirtdoctor.com/view_question.php?id=1255David Kleiman
Corona Dr